Abstract

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is a collection of mobile nodes forming the network dynamically for exchange of information using the multi-hop wireless communications without the need of any pre-existing infrastructure. The mobile nodes act as hosts as well as router to establish communication among nodes in the network. To achieve high throughput nodes are expected to cooperate with each other in packet forwarding process to enable out of range communication. In MANETs, all the routing protocols are designed with an assumption that the nodes will cooperate in packet forwarding. But the inherent characteristics of MANETs such as no fixed infrastructure, dynamic topology, limited battery power and wireless medium introduces node misbehavior. An individual node may behave selfishly to preserve its scarce resources and do not forward the packets to other nodes but still want to use their services to send and receive their own packets. The selfish behavior affects the performance of the network significantly. Many solutions have been proposed by the researchers to mitigate this selfish behavior. In this paper, we review some of the notable works carried out in mitigating selfish behavior on packet forwarding at the network layer, providing a comprehensive comparison between the different proposed methods.

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